Mammography occupies a leading position in the early diagnosis of breast cancer, but along with this, it can be used to detect asymptomatic or previously undiagnosed cardiovascular diseases. Breast arterial calcification (BAC) is easily visualized on mammography and is a finding in breast cancer screening, indicating the possibility of developing coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus. An examination algorithm and practical steps for preventive measures in case of detection of BAC, aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk, are proposed. The assessment of BAC allows the use of mammography for the joint screening of two of the most severe and fatal diseases in the female population – breast cancer and cardiovascular disease.