EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION AND METABOLIC

DISORDERS ON FETAL MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS DURING

ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION

 

Zimina N.D., Fomina S.V., Matusevich E.M., Yuriev S.Yu.

 

Siberian State Medical University. Tomsk, Russia.

T

he coronavirus pandemic has had a significant impact on public health, and studying its consequences, especially for vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and newborns, is of paramount importance. Ultrasound imaging can detect changes in fetal development, facilitating the timely diagnosis of potential abnormalities and the provision of necessary medical care. This, in turn, contributes to improved pregnancy outcomes and newborn health, as well as the development of more effective monitoring and prevention strategies.

Purpose. To assess the impact of the consequences of novel coronavirus infection and metabolic disorders on fetal ultrasound parameters in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of 270 pregnancy records, including ultrasound examination reports, and births was conducted from January to December 2021 at the Yevtushenko Regional Clinical Hospital. Two groups of pregnant women were examined, beginning at 30 weeks of gestation: 170 women who had contracted the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) during pregnancy and 100 women who had not been diagnosed with COVID-19 during pregnancy and whose serum tests confirmed the absence of class G antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. Upon admission to the obstetrics department, the patients underwent ultrasound and Doppler ultrasound using a Nemio XG system (Toshiba, Japan).

Results and discussion. Uteroplacental blood flow disorders were registered in 27 of 170 patients in the main group (15%), while in the control group this figure was 5 of 100 (5%). The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p=0.05), which indicates an increased risk of disorders in pregnant women with COVID-19. In the main group, polyhydramnios was registered in 48 of 170 patients (29%), while in the control group - in 6 of 100 (6%). The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p=0.001), which emphasizes a high probability of developing polyhydramnios in pregnant women with COVID-19. In the main group, intrauterine growth retardation of the fetus was detected in 16 of 170 patients (10%), while in the control group - in 2 of 100 (2%). This difference was also statistically significant (p=0.04), indicating an increased risk of fetal growth restriction in pregnant women with COVID-19.

Conclusion. Novel coronavirus infection during pregnancy leads to the development of uteroplacental blood flow disturbances, polyhydramnios, and intrauterine growth restriction. Women with metabolic disorders, including obesity, chronic hypertension, and gestational diabetes, experience more adverse fetal outcomes in the context of COVID-19 infection compared to women without these disorders (p<0.05).

 

Keywords: COVID-19, pregnancy, uteroplacental blood flow, fetal blood flow, intrauterine growth restriction, polyhydramnios, ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound during pregnancy.

 

Corresponding author: Zimina N.D., e-mail: Этот e-mail адрес защищен от спам-ботов, для его просмотра у Вас должен быть включен Javascript .

 

For citation: Zimina N.D., Fomina S.V., Matusevich E.M., Yuriev S.Yu. Evaluation of the impact of new coronavirus infection and metabolic disorders on fetal morphometric parameters during ultrasound examination. REJR 2025; 15(4):175-183. DOI: 10.21569/2222-7415-2025-15-4-175-183.

Received:        19.01.25                 Accepted:       26.03.25